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Bust of Ptolemy I
This is a fragment of a basalt statue of Ptolemy I (general of Alexander the Great), who founded the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt. He wears the Egyptian royal headdress and the protective serpent. It is said that it was found in the lining...

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Elephants in Greek & Roman Warfare
In the search for ever more impressive and lethal weapons to shock the enemy and bring total victory the armies of ancient Greece, Carthage, and even sometimes Rome turned to the elephant. Huge, exotic, and frightening the life out of an...

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Ptolemy XV
This larger than life 1st Century BCE granite head was found in the submerged sections of ancient Alexandria, Egypt. It is believed to have been a part of a statue depicting Ptolemy XV, commonly known as "Caesarion" (Greek for "Little Caesar"...

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Statue of Ptolemy XII
Limestone statue of Ptolemy XII (r. 80-51 BCE), c. 55 BCE.
Greco-Roman Museum, Alexandria.

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Egyptian Royal Statue
Basalt head of a royal statue; the depicted person is unknown. Ptolemaic period, 2nd century BCE. (State Museum of Egyptian Art, Munich, Germany).

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Demotic Temple Oath from the Ptolemaic Period
This piece of pottery with Demotic Egyptian text records an oath taken by Petasatet to declare his innocence in the case of cloth theft. This oath was taken before a priest of the Temple of Hathor on Dec. 6, 127 BCE. Temples played an important...

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Ptolemaic Blue Faience Bowl
This blue bowl is an excellent example of Egyptian faience ware, and why it was so highly regarded in the ancient Mediterranean. Ancient Egyptian artisans had been producing high-quality faience for millennia by the time this bowl was produced...

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Ptolemaic Trade Networks in the Late 1st Century BCE
This map illustrates the trading networks which connected the Ptolemaic Kingdom to South Asia and East Africa by the second half of the 1st century BCE. During this time period, Ptolemaic Egypt was a major player in the spice trade which...

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Detail of Stela of Ptolemy IX & Cleopatra III
Greek texts were incised on this granite stela. It documents a royal visit to Elephantine. Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III, his mother and co-regent, granted privileges to the priests of Khnum, a local ram god. There are hieroglyphic inscriptions...

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Hellenistic Successor Kingdoms c. 301 BCE
A map illustrating the Hellenistic World and the successor kingdoms of the Diadochi (Alexander the Great's successors) c. 301 BCE.