Search Results: Iberian Peninsula

This map illustrates the geopolitical situation in North Africa and the Western Mediterranean in 1065 as the region faced a crucial turning point, setting the stage for monumental political realignments. The Hammadid dynasty, having split...

Agriculture arose independently at several locations across the world, beginning about 12,000 years ago. The first crops and livestock were domesticated in six rather diffuse areas including the Near East, China, Southeast Asia, and Africa...

Caliphate (“Khilafat” in Arabic) was a semi-religious political system of governance in Islam, in which the territories of the Islamic empire in the Middle East and North Africa and the people within were ruled by a supreme leader called...

The Second Punic War (The Hannibalic War) was fought between Carthage and Rome between 218 and 201 BCE. The war involved confrontations in Spain, Italy, Sicily, Sardinia, and North Africa. Hannibal led the Carthaginians, one of the most gifted...

A map illustrating the scope and organization of the Roman provinces in Hispania (present-day Spain and Portugal.) Roman Spain was one of the first provinces beyond Italy; it took two centuries to conquer fully (starting with an invasion...

This granite stela dates from the Early or Middle Bronze Age. It was discovered in Cáceres, Spain. (Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid)

This tablet is made of bronze and was made c. 81-96 CE in Málaga, Spain. The "Lex Malacitana" was a fundemental pillar of the new Hispano-Roman culture. In order to maintain order in the empire, Rome pased laws governing both public and private...

This mosaic with an octopus is made of limestone and dates from the 2nd-3rd century CE. It is from Villaquejida (León), Spain. (Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid)

This Hispano-Roman mosaic adorned the antechamber to a reception room at the Villa de Soto de Ramalete, which was a country villa in Tudela (Navarre), Spain. It is made of limestone and dates from the 4th century CE. The plant motifs, intertwined...

This incomplete funerary stela with an inscription in the Celtiberian language and Western Celtiberian script comes from Coruña de Conde (Peñalba de Castro), Burgos in Spain. The inscription transcribes as "Kaabaarinos," in nominative masculine...