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Bahadur Shah Zafar II
Bahadur Shah Zafar (1775-1862) was the twentieth Mughal Emperor of Hindustan. The Mughal Empire ended with him during the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. Zafar was a celebrated poet and Sufi mystic who was exiled to Rangoon by the British East India...

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Robert Clive & Shah Alam
An 1818 painting by Benjamin West showing Robert Clive (1725-1774), Governor General of Bengal and representative of the East India Company, meeting the Mughal emperor Shah Alam in 1765 to gain tax collecting rights. (British Library, London...

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Shah Ismail I
Shah Ismail I (r. 1501-1524), founder of the Safavid Dynasty of Iran, portrait by Cristofano dell'Altissimo.
Uffizi Gallery, Florence.

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Reza Shah in Persepolis
Reza Shah Pahlavi (r. 1925-1941) and his son and successor Mohammad Reza (r. 1941-1979) in Persepolis, c. 1939.

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First Anglo-Afghan War
The First Anglo-Afghan War (1838-42) was fought between the British East India Company (EIC) and, the Emirate of Afghanistan, the ultimate victor. The British were keen to control Afghanistan as they feared Russian expansion into South Asia...

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Shah Jahan on Horseback
Shah Jahan on Horseback, folio from the Shah Jahan Album. Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper by Payag, c. 1630.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

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The Emperor Shah Jahan as a Prince
The third Mughal Emperor Akbar's (1540-1605) grandson Shah Jahan (1592-1666) as a young prince. He would become the fifth Mughal Emperor and hold the title of Shah Jahan the Magnificient. Opaque watercolour and gold on paper, by Abu'l Hasan...

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Shah Mosque
Decorative muqarnas vaulting in the iwan entrance to the Shah Mosque, Isfahan, Iran.

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Tomb of Feroz Shah Tughluq
The tomb of Feroz Shah Tughluq, Sultan of the Delhi sultanate (r. 1351-1388) in the Hauz Khas Complex, Delhi.

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Shah Shuja
A portrait of Shah Shuja, King of the Afghan Empire from 1803 to 1809 and the proposed candidate to rule Afghanistan of the British East India Company during the First Anglo-Afghan War (1838-42). (National Army Museum, London)