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London Blitz
Definition by Mark Cartwright

London Blitz

The London Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain's capital by the German and Italian air forces from September 1940 to May 1941 during the Second World War (1939-45). The objective was to bomb Britain into submission, but despite almost...
Supermarine Spitfire
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Supermarine Spitfire

The Supermarine Spitfire was a single-seater fighter plane, one of the most important aircraft of the Second World War (1939-45). Employed by the Royal Air Force in such crucial encounters as the Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940, the...
Dresden, 1945
Image by Peter Richard - Deutsche Fotothek‎

Dresden, 1945

A photograph showing the destruction after the bomber raid on Dresden in 1945 by the RAF and USAAF during the Second World War (1939-45). (Deutsche Fotothek)
Bombing Raid on Cologne, 1942
Image by W. Krogman

Bombing Raid on Cologne, 1942

A painting by W. Krogman showing the thousand-bomber raid on Cologne in 1942. On the night of 30 May a large force of RAF bombers attacked the German city. There were 469 civilian deaths, 5,000 were injured, and 41 aircraft were lost. It...
Bomb-devastated Cologne
Image by US Department of Defense

Bomb-devastated Cologne

A photograph taken in April 1945 of the German city of Cologne, devastated by repeated Allied bombing raids during the Second World War (1939-45). Starting with the thousand-bomber raid on Cologne in 1942, the city became a repeated target...
Vickers Wellington Mk II
Image by UK Government Photographer

Vickers Wellington Mk II

A c. 1942 photograph of a Vickers Wellington Mk II heavy bomber, used by the Royal Air Force in the Second World War (1939-45).
Blitzkrieg
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg ('lightning war') is a military tactic combining air and land forces deployed at speed against the enemy's weaker points while the rear lines are simultaneously disrupted by acts of sabotage and bombing. Speed, concentration, and...
Battle of Gazala
Article by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Gazala

The Battle of Gazala in Libya in May-June 1942 was a decisive victory for German and Italian forces led by General Erwin Rommel (1891-1944) against British, Commonwealth, and Free French forces during the Western Desert Campaigns (Jun 1940...
Afrika Korps
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Afrika Korps

The Deutsches Afrika Korps (DAK) was an elite German armoured unit that fought in North Africa during the Second World War (1939-45). The Korps was initially led by Erwin Rommel (1891-1944) before he was promoted to lead a larger force of...
Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text

The Enuma Elish (also known as The Seven Tablets of Creation) is the Babylonian creation myth whose title is derived from the opening lines of the piece, "When on High". The myth tells the story of the great god Marduk's victory over the...
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