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Definition
Xochipilli
Xochipilli or the 'Prince of Flowers' was the Mesoamerican god of summer, flowers, pleasure, love, dancing, painting, feasting, creativity and souls. He is a benevolent manifestation of Piltzintecuhtli, the young sun god who was himself a...

Definition
John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams (1767-1848) was an American statesman and diplomat who served as the sixth president of the United States (1825-1829). The son of a former president, Adams had a long and distinguished political career both before and after...

Definition
Byzantine Government
The government of the Byzantine Empire was headed and dominated by the emperor, but there were many other important officials who assisted in operating the finances, judiciary, military, and bureaucracy of a huge territory. Without elections...

Definition
Tarascan Civilization
The Tarascan civilization (aka the Purépecha, after their language) dominated western Mexico and built an empire that would bring it into direct conflict with that other great Mesoamerican civilization of the Post-classic period, the Aztecs...

Article
The Paris Impressionist Exhibitions, 1874-86
The impressionist exhibitions in Paris through the final quarter of the 19th century were organised by a group of avant-garde artists who struggled to have their innovative works accepted by the art establishment. Although ridiculed by many...

Article
The Ancient Synagogue in Israel & the Diaspora
A unique and fundamental aspect of ancient Judean society in both Israel and the Diaspora, the ancient synagogue represents an inclusive, localized form of worship that did not crystallize until the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE. In...

Article
Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife
Unlike the rich corpus of ancient Egyptian funerary texts, no such “guidebooks” from Mesopotamia detail the afterlife and the soul's fate after death. Instead, ancient Mesopotamian views of the afterlife must be pieced together from a variety...

Image
The Sower by van Gogh
An 1888 oil on canvas painting, The Sower, by Vincent van Gogh (1853-90), the Dutch post-impressionist artist. Painted in November near Arles in southern France. Sowers are a recurring theme in the artist's work, seen by him as a symbol through...

Image
Still Life with Italian Earthenware Jar by Cézanne
A c. 1873 still life painting in oils, Still Life with Italian Earthenware Jar, by Paul Cézanne (1839-1906), the French post-impressionist artist. This painting shows the transition from impressionism with its emphasis on atmospheric tones...

Image Gallery
Vincent van Gogh: A Gallery of 30 Paintings
In this gallery, we showcase 30 paintings by Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890), the Dutch post-impressionist painter whose use of form and colour changed the world of art forever. The selection here is presented in chronological sequence to show...