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Definition
Tairona Civilization
The Tairona civilization - one of the Chibcha family tribes - flourished in northern Colombia between 200 CE and 1600 CE. Like the Muisca of Cundinamarca, the Tairona were known for their expertise in crafting and metallurgy, especially goldsmithing...

Definition
Persian Seven-Colored Tiles
Persian Haft Rang tiles, also known as seven-colored tiles, are highly decorative glazed tiles used to adorn the exteriors and interiors of both secular and religious buildings. The tiles first came to prominence from the 15th century and...

Definition
Etowah Mounds
Etowah Mounds (also known as Etowah Indian Mounds) is a National Historic Landmark and archaeological site near Cartersville, Georgia, USA, enclosing the ruins of a prehistoric Native American city whose original name is unknown. The present...

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Pre-Columbian Tribes of Northern South America
A map highlighting the areas of settlement of various pre-Columbian civilizations in the northern areas of South America such as the Muisca, Tairona, and Quimbaya

Definition
Cuicuilco
Cuicuilco is an ancient settlement site in central Mexico, now located in southern Mexico City. Prominent in the late pre-Classic period, around 500 BCE, it is noted for its large circular temple mound, one of the earliest monumental structures...

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Double-Headed Statue from Ain Ghazal
This double-headed statue (upper torso) was made of lime plaster, reed, and bitumen and was found in modern-day Ain Ghazal city in the outskirts of Amman, Jordan Hashemite Kingdom in the year 1985 CE. Between 1983-1985 CE, 15 statues and...

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Pre-Columbian Pottery
Pre-Columbian Pottery, Jade Museum, San Jose, Costa Rica,

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Pre-Columbian Wari Kero (Drinking Cup)
This is a Pre-Columbian Wari kero (drinking cup) is painted and made from clay. It comes from what is present-day Peru, and it dates from c. 600-900 CE. Painted in shades of purple, orange, white, and black, this cup has a highly stylized...

Collection
12 Key Enlightenment Philosophers
In this collection, we look at the lives, works, and ideas of the following 12 key philosophers of the Enlightenment: Thomas Hobbes René Descartes John Locke Montesquieu David Hume Jean-Jacques Rousseau Denis Diderot Adam...

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Ancient Chinese Philosophers
The philosophers of ancient China developed diverse systems of thought, often in conflict with each other, all aiming to provide people with the means to live in harmony with themselves and others. Each philosopher understood his own teachings...