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Posthumous bust of Caesar
The so-called Green Caesar, a posthumous bust showing Julius Caesar as a statesman dressed in a toga. Being idealised in contrast to earlier Caesar portraits, this portrait was adapted to the taste of the early Imperial Age. (Altes Museum...

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Denarius of Julius Caesar with Elephant
Silver denarius of Julius Caesar. The coin depicts an elephant stepping on a snake with the legend "CAESAR" written below. The coin may reference his victory at the Battle of Thapsus in 49 BCE, where he defeated Roman and Numidian forces...

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Silver Denarius of Caesar
A Roman silver coin (denarius) of Gaius Julius Caesar. It was discovered in 1999 when the Antikenmuseum Basel was being extended. 49 BCE. (Archäologische Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt) Shown as part of the 2023 exhibition Ave Caesar! Romans...

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Julius Caesar (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
A photorealistic representation of Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE) as he may have appeared in life. This reconstruction is based on archaeological evidence including bust, coinage, and descriptions of Julius Caesar in historical accounts. Contemporary...

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Cleopatra and Caesar
Cleopatra Before Caesar by Jean-Léon Gérôme, oil on canvas, 1866. Cleopatra confronts Gaius Julius Caesar after emerging from a roll of carpet. The Egyptian Queen had been driven from the palace in Alexandria by her brother/husband Ptolemy...

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Norman Conquest of Britain, 1066 - 1086
A map illustrating the origins and progress of the Norman conquest of the Kingdom of England by William the Conqueror (Duke of Normandy). Following the death in January 1066 of the childless English king, Edward the Confessor, a series of...

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Spanish Conquest & Exploration in North America in the 16th century
A map illustrating Spain’s drive to expand its empire following the 1492 Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula and Columbus's discovery of America. Inspired by tales of land and instant riches, thousands flocked to the New World with hopes...

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Chlothar I
Chlothar I (l. c. 498-561) was a Merovingian king of the Franks, the second to rule over a unified Frankish kingdom after his father, Clovis I (l. c. 466-511). When Clovis died in 511, his kingdom was divided up between his four sons, but...

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The Battle of Philippi 42 BCE
The Battle of Philippi in 42 BCE was an all-Roman affair fought between the young Octavian, chosen heir of Julius Caesar, and the mercurial Mark Antony, widely regarded as the greatest living Roman general on the one side against Brutus and...

Definition
Druid
Druids were a class of individuals in ancient Celtic cultures known for their great wisdom and knowledge of traditions. Not only priests who managed all religious rituals such as sacrifices (including humans), druids were able to give practical...