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Definition
Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines...

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Ferdinand Magellan
A posthumous portrait of the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22. (The Mariner's Museum Collection, Newport News, VA)

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Death of Ferdinand Magellan
An illustration depicting the death of the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22. Magellan was killed on 27 April 1521 at the Battle of Mactan on the island...

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Map of Ferdinand Magellan's Circumnavigation
A map of the 1519-22 circumnavigation - the first in history - made by the expedition led by the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521).

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Portrait of Ferdinand Magellan
A 19th century portrait of the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22. (Naval Museum of Madrid)

Definition
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia, the name given to the multiple treaties, marked the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War. Signed on 24 October 1648, it aimed to secure political autonomy for the multitude of small states that made up the Holy Roman...

Definition
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) was the last major European conflict informed by religious divisions and one of the most devastating in European history resulting in a death toll of approximately 8 million. Beginning as a local conflict...

Definition
Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I of Castile (1451-1504), was Queen of Castile (r. 1474-1504) and of Aragon (r. 1479-1504) alongside her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon (1452-1516). Her reign included the unification of Spain, the reconquest of Granada, sponsoring...

Definition
The Tempest
The Tempest is a play by William Shakespeare (c. 1564-1616), written in 1610 or 1611, and first performed for the court of James I of England (r. 1603-1625) on 2 November 1611. Believed to be the last play that Shakespeare wrote on his own...

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The Straits of Magellan
A satellite image of the Straits of Magellan at the tip of South America. The Straits were first navigated by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22.