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Library of Celsus
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Library of Celsus

The Library of Celsus in ancient Ephesus, located in western Turkey, was a repository of over 12,000 scrolls and one of the most impressive buildings in the Roman Empire. Constructed in the 2nd century CE, it was named after the city's former...
Library of Celsus
Image by greenp

Library of Celsus

The Library of Celsus in Ephesos (completed 117 AD), with a statue of Arete in the foreground.
Library of Celsus, Ephesus
Image by Mark Cartwright

Library of Celsus, Ephesus

Completed in 117 CE, the Library of Celsus at Ephesus was ordered built by Tiberius Julius Acquila in memory of his father Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, proconsul (governor) of the Asian province c. 105 to 114 CE.
The Library of Celsus at Ephesus
Image by Carole Raddato

The Library of Celsus at Ephesus

The Library of Celsus at Ephesus was completed in 117 CE. It was built on the order of Tiberius Julius Acquila in memory of his father Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, proconsul (governor) of the Asian province c. 105 to 114 CE.
Sophia-Wisdom, Celsus Library, Ephesos
Image by Mark Cartwright

Sophia-Wisdom, Celsus Library, Ephesos

A detail of the facade of the Celsus Library in Ephesos (c. 117 CE). The statue represents wisdom (sophia), an attribute associated with the former proconsul Celsus to whom the building was dedicated.
Library of Alexandria
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Library of Alexandria

The Library of Alexandria was established under the Ptolemaic Dynasty of Egypt (323-30 BCE) and flourished under the patronage of the early kings to become the most famous library of the ancient world, attracting scholars from around the...
What happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?
Article by Brian Haughton

What happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?

Once the largest library in the ancient world, and containing works by the greatest thinkers and writers of antiquity, including Homer, Plato, Socrates and many more, the Library of Alexandria, northern Egypt, is popularly believed to have...
Celsus Library Facade, Ephesos
Image by Mark Cartwright

Celsus Library Facade, Ephesos

A deatil of the facade of the library of Ephesos (c. 117 CE).
Library of Pergamon
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Library of Pergamon

The Library of Pergamon was established in the city of Pergamon (also Pergamum) by the Attalid King Eumenes II (r. 197-159 BCE) and became the most famous and well-respected center of learning after the Library at Alexandria, Egypt. The library...
Roman Medicine
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Medicine

Roman medicine was greatly influenced by earlier Greek medicine and literature but would also make its own unique contribution to the history of medicine through the work of such famous experts as Galen and Celsus. Whilst there were professional...
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