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Sallust
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Sallust

Gaius Sallustius Crispus (86-35 BCE), better known as Sallust, was a Roman statesman and historian. He turned away from an unsuccessful career in both politics and the Roman army, choosing instead on a writing career and produced three major...
Sallust
Image by The Trustees of the British Museum

Sallust

Portrait of Sallust, bust, face turned slightly to the left. Inscription: Lettered above the image with: "Primus Romana Crispus in Historia _ Mart." and below with title and "From an Antique Marble Bust Preserved in The / Farneze Palace...
Jugurtha
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Jugurtha

Jugurtha (r. 118-105 BCE) was King of Numidia in North Africa and grandson of the first Numidian king Masinissa (r. c. 202-148 BCE). He was the illegitimate son of Mastanabal, Masinissa's youngest son, and was the least likely of Masinissa's...
Roman Literature
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Roman Literature

The Roman Empire and its predecessor the Roman Republic produced an abundance of celebrated literature; poetry, comedies, dramas, histories, and philosophical tracts; the Romans avoided tragedies. Much of it survives to this day. However...
Rome's Egyptian Heritage
Article by Wanda Marcussen

Rome's Egyptian Heritage

The Eternal City of Rome is one of the places in the world with the most historical sites to visit. The list of ancient ruins, museums, churches, and other historical landmarks makes the city an Eldorado for anyone interested in history...
Sallustiano Obelisk, Rome
Image by Mstyslav Chernov

Sallustiano Obelisk, Rome

The Sallustiano Obelisk in front of the Church of TrinitĂ  dei Monti at the top of the Spanish Steps in Rome. The obelisk is ancient but not a Pharaonic obelisk. It was constructed during the reign of Emperor Aurelian (r. 270 - 275 CE) and...
Bellum Jugurthinum
Image by POP

Bellum Jugurthinum

Portion of leaf C4r (annotated and with early ms. sketch of a bird pecking at the eye of a man hanged on a gallows in left margin) from one of two editions of Sallust's Bellum Jugurthinum (Leipzig: Martin Landsberg, after 1500 CE) Penn Libraries...
Gaius Marius
Definition by Marc Hyden

Gaius Marius

Gaius Marius (c. 157-86 BCE) was an accomplished military commander and politician who was acclaimed for saving Rome from the brink of collapse. Yet, unfortunately, his name has only survived in relative obscurity because his achievements...
The Masaesyli and Massylii of Numidia
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Masaesyli and Massylii of Numidia

The North African Berber kingdom of Numidia (202-40 BCE) was originally inhabited by a tribe (or federation of tribes) known as the Masaesyli, to the west, and a coalition of smaller tribes, known as the Massylii, to the east. The meaning...
Agrippina the Younger
Definition by Giacomo Presciuttini

Agrippina the Younger

Julia Agrippina or Agrippina the Younger (6 November 15 - 19/23 March 59 CE) was a prominent woman during the early Roman Empire, niece to Tiberius (r. 14-37 CE) and Claudius (41-54 CE), whom she married, sister of Caligula (r. 37-41 CE...
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