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Definition
Tartessos
The Tartessian culture existed from the 9th to the 6th centuries BCE in the south-westernmost part of Spain. The landscape between the modern cities Huelva and Cádiz is defined nowadays by the lower course of the Guadalquivir, but in antiquity...

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Map of Tartessos with Phoenician and Greek colonies
A map of Tartessos, showing its sphere of influence, as well as Greek and Phoenician colonies in southern Spain.

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El Carambolo Treasure (Tartessos)
7th century BCE pectoral (brooch on the chest) from the Tartessian Culture. Archaeological Museum of Seville.

Definition
Phoenicia
Phoenicia was an ancient civilization composed of independent city-states located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea stretching through what is now Syria, Lebanon and northern Israel. The Phoenicians were a great maritime people, known...

Definition
Hesperides
The Hesperides are nymph-goddesses of the evening and the west in Greek mythology. They were the daughters of Atlas, the Titan who bore the heavens on his shoulders, and Hesperis, the personification of the west, or Nyx, the personification...

Definition
Carthago Nova
Carthago Nova (modern-day Cartagena) was a city on the southern Iberian Peninsula, Spain, originally known as Mastia. Human habitation of the region predates the Neolithic Period, but the area around the site of Carthago Nova seems to have...

Definition
Phoenician Religion
The Phoenician Religion, as in many other ancient cultures, was an inseparable part of everyday life. Gods such as Baal, Astarte, and Melqart had temples built in their name, offerings and sacrifices were regularly made to them, royalty performed...

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Trade in the Phoenician World
The Phoenicians, based on a narrow coastal strip of the Levant, put their excellent seafaring skills to good use and created a network of colonies and trade centres across the ancient Mediterranean. Their major trade routes were by sea to...

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Treasure of Carambolo
The treasure of El Carambolo is a product of the Tartessan civilization. It was discovered in 1958 at the hill of El Carambolo which is about 1 km east of Seville in Spain. There are 21 pieces which total three kilograms and was, perhaps...

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A model of the Tartessian site of Cancho Roano, Extremadura, Spain
A model of the the best preserved Tartessian site, Cancho Roano, which is near Zalamea de la Serena in Extremadura, Spain. It was established in the late seventh century BCE and later expanded. Its exact purpose is not known but is thought...