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Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation - Full Text

The Enuma Elish (also known as The Seven Tablets of Creation) is the Babylonian creation myth whose title is derived from the opening lines of the piece, "When on High". The myth tells the story of the great god Marduk's victory over the...
Gilgamesh and Huwawa
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Gilgamesh and Huwawa

Gilgamesh and Huwawa is a Sumerian poem relating the expedition of Gilgamesh and Enkidu to the Cedar Forest and the slaying of the monster-demon Huwawa. The work predates and informs The Epic of Gilgamesh in which the death of the monster...
Richard Strauss
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Richard Strauss

Richard Strauss (1864-1949) was a German conductor and composer of both innovative late-Romantic and Modernist music. He is best known for his symphonic poems and operas like Salome and Elektra, both of which caused a sensation. Strauss gained...
The Propaganda of Octavian and Mark Antony's Civil War
Article by Jesse Sifuentes

The Propaganda of Octavian and Mark Antony's Civil War

Propaganda played an important role in Octavian (l. 63 BCE - 14 CE) and Mark Antony's (l. 83 – 30 BCE) civil war, and once victorious at the Battle of Actium (31 BCE), Octavian returned home to become the first Roman emperor. The decade preceding...
The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours
Article by Christopher L. Serafin

The Legacy of Charles Martel & the Battle of Tours

The Battle of Poitiers aka the Battle of Tours took place over roughly a week in early October of 732. The opposing sides consisted of a Frankish army led by Charles Martel (r. 718-741) against an invading Muslim army under the nominal sovereignty...
Hymn to Nungal
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Hymn to Nungal

The Hymn to Nungal (c. 2000-1600 BCE) is a Sumerian poem praising Nungal, the goddess of prisons and rehabilitation (also associated with the underworld), as well as the prison house she presided over. The piece, also known as Nungal A, was...
Dionysus the God of Wine, Festivity, and Theatre
Video by Kelly Macquire

Dionysus the God of Wine, Festivity, and Theatre

Dionysus, who was also known as Bacchus to both the Greeks and the Romans, was the ancient Greek god of wine, theatre, madness and wild frenzy, merriment, and vegetation. Like most other Greek deities, Dionysus had many dalliances with gods...
Pleiades Constellation
Image by NASA, ESA, AURA/Caltech, Palomar Observatory

Pleiades Constellation

The Pleiades constellation which in Greek mythology were the seven daughters of Atlas, transformed by Zeus into stars.
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The monumental statue of Zeus at Olympia in Greece was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Created in the 430s BCE under the supervision of the master Greek sculptor Phidias, the huge ivory and gold statue was bigger even than...
Greek Alphabet
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Greek Alphabet

The Greek Alphabet developed from the Phoenician script at some point around the 8th century BCE. The earlier Mycenaean Linear B script, used primarily for lists and inventories, had been lost during the Greek Dark Age, and the technology...
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