Search Results: Cardinal mazarin

Anne of Austria (1601-1666), as the wife of King Louis XIII of France (r. 1610-1643), was queen consort of France and of Navarre when the Kingdom of Navarre was annexed by the French Crown. She also acted as regent for her son, King Louis...

Cardinal Thomas Cajetan (l.c. 1468-1534) was a Catholic theologian and philosopher best known for his disputations with Martin Luther (l. 1483-1546) beginning in 1518. Cajetan, a philosophical Humanist, was thought to have had the best chance...

The affair of the diamond necklace (1784-86) was a scandal that centered around Queen Marie Antoinette of France (l. 1755-1793). Although the queen was innocent of any involvement in a plot to steal a luxurious diamond necklace, the scandal...

Beginning in the 16th century, Protestants in France struggled in their rapport with royal power. Protestants owed the recognition of their rights more to sovereign decrees than to genuine tolerance or religious pluralism. The realization...

Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Archbishop of York (l. c. 1473-1530 CE) served as Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) from around 1513 CE to 1529 CE. Wolsey rose to become the most powerful man in England after the king, he...

Portrait depicting Louis René Édouard, cardinal de Rohan (1734-1803). A former ambassador, Cardinal de Rohan was despised by Queen Marie Antoinette of France and became embroiled in the affair of the diamond necklace in an attempt to win...

A portrait of Cardinal Wolsey (l. c. 1473-1530), first minister to Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE).

A reproduction of a 1557 print of Martin Luther (on right approaching desk) and Cardinal Thomas Cajetan (on left, holding open the book) depicting their 1518 disputation at Augsburg.

A c. 1621 portrait of Cardinal Agostino Pallavicini by Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641). The cardinal is wearing robes dyed with cochineal. (Getty Center, Los Angeles)

A 16th century CE portrait of Thomas Wolsey (l. c. 1473-1530), Cardinal Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE). (Trinity College, Cambridge, England)