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Egyptian Gods - The Complete List
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Egyptian Gods - The Complete List

The gods and goddesses of Ancient Egypt were an integral part of the people's everyday lives for over 3,000 years. There were over 2,000 deities in the Egyptian pantheon, many whose names are well known - Isis, Osiris, Horus, Amun, Ra, Hathor...
Brick Stamp of Shar-Kali-Sharri
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Brick Stamp of Shar-Kali-Sharri

The cuneiform inscription on this brick stamp mentions the name of the Akkadian king Shar-Kali-Sharri (reigned 2217 - 2193 BCE) and his building work of the temple of Enlil. From Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. On display at the Iraq Museum...
Naram-Sin
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Naram-Sin

Naram-Sin (r. 2261-2224 BCE) was the last great king of the Akkadian Empire and grandson of Sargon the Great (r. 2334-2279 BCE) who founded the empire. He is considered the most important Akkadian king after Sargon (or, according to some...
The Mesopotamian Pantheon
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Mesopotamian Pantheon

The gods of the Mesopotamian region were not uniform in name, power, provenance or status in the hierarchy. Mesopotamian culture varied from region to region and, because of this, Marduk should not be regarded as King of the Gods in the same...
Akkad and the Akkadian Empire
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Akkad and the Akkadian Empire

Akkad was the seat of the Akkadian Empire (2334-2218 BCE), the first multi-national political entity in the world, founded by Sargon the Great (r. 2334-2279 BCE) who unified Mesopotamia under his rule and set the model for later Mesopotamian...
The Ancient Celtic Pantheon
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Ancient Celtic Pantheon

The ancient Celtic pantheon consisted of over 400 gods and goddesses who represented everything from rivers to warfare. With perhaps the exception of Lugh, the Celtic gods were not universally worshipped across Iron Age Europe but were very...
Gutians
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Gutians

The Gutians were a West Asiatic people who are thought to have lived around the Zagros Mountains in a region referred to as Gutium. They had no written language and all that is known of them comes from their enemies, including the Akkadians...
The Hymn to Ninkasi, Goddess of Beer
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Hymn to Ninkasi, Goddess of Beer

The Hymn to Ninkasi is at once a song of praise to Ninkasi, the Sumerian goddess of beer, and an ancient recipe for brewing. Written down in c. 1800 BCE, the hymn is no doubt much older as evidenced by the techniques it details which scholars...
Hygieia, the Goddess of Health
Article by Mark Beumer

Hygieia, the Goddess of Health

Modern medicine has its origin in the ancient world. The oldest civilizations used magic and herbs to cure their sick people, but they also used religion to free them from harm and to protect their health. The medical care of today has its...
Greek Goddess Artemis: Goddess of the Hunt and the Moon in Greek Mythology
Video by Kelly Macquire

Greek Goddess Artemis: Goddess of the Hunt and the Moon in Greek Mythology

The Greek goddess Artemis was the goddess of the hunt, wild nature and the moon in Greek mythology. She was the daughter of Leto and Zeus, and the twin sister to Apollo, the god of the sun, medicine and music among others. Artemis was a patron...
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