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![Hercules and Alcestis: Personal Excellence & Social Duty](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/2877.jpg?v=1685776143)
Article
Hercules and Alcestis: Personal Excellence & Social Duty
For the ancient Greeks, the quality of arete (personal excellence) and the concept of eusebia (social duty) were most important. Aristotle discusses both of these at length in his Nichomachean Ethics and relates arete to eudaimonia - translated...
![The 1622 Indian Massacre: A Personal Story](/uploads/kraked/6/6-2285_ci_preview.jpg?v=1613985691-1739384161)
Video
The 1622 Indian Massacre: A Personal Story
In my lecture on the Virginia Colony (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvokFncxkh8), I discussed the strained relationship between the English colonists and the Powhatan Indians that culminated in the 1622 Indian Massacre, in which over 300...
![First Triumvirate](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/19419.png?v=1727365881-1725608642)
Definition
First Triumvirate
The First Triumvirate of ancient Rome was an uneasy alliance between the three titans Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus which, from 60 BCE until 53 BCE, dominated the politics of the Roman Republic. Alliances have always been a part of history...
![Viking Hygiene, Clothing, & Jewelry](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/14655.png?v=1711129629)
Article
Viking Hygiene, Clothing, & Jewelry
Although the Vikings are routinely depicted as rough, grimy, and violent, they were actually quite refined, took personal hygiene seriously, and wore fine clothes ornamented by jewelry. Some Christian chroniclers who condemned the Vikings...
![The Didache: A Moral and Liturgical Document of Instruction](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/4003.jpg?v=1680643383-1436981776)
Article
The Didache: A Moral and Liturgical Document of Instruction
During the early years of Christianity, many of the church leaders or "Fathers" wrote down admonishments and instruction on what it meant to be a follower of Jesus as well as what liturgical ceremonies should be followed as a believer in...
![Cylinder Seal](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/1302.jpg?v=1731688625)
Definition
Cylinder Seal
Cylinder Seals were impression stamps used by the people of ancient Mesopotamia. Known as kishib in Sumerian and kunukku in Akkadian, the seals were used by everyone, from royals to slaves, as a means of authenticating identity in correspondence...
![Cylinder Seals in Ancient Mesopotamia - Their History and Significance](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/2833.jpg?v=1712194683)
Article
Cylinder Seals in Ancient Mesopotamia - Their History and Significance
Among the most interesting and revealing artifacts discovered from ancient Mesopotamia are cylinder seals. These fairly small items may be seen today in museum exhibits around the world but, perhaps owing to their size, they are not given...
![Carl Sagan, The Ionians and the Birth of Science](/uploads/kraked/6/6-3014_ci_preview.jpg?v=1690440580-1739384161)
Video
Carl Sagan, The Ionians and the Birth of Science
Cosmos A Personal Voyage The Ionians and the Birth of Science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxeNgfo9ZDs
![The Responsive Self: Personal Religion in Biblical Literature of the Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods](/uploads/review_img/8-86.jpg)
Book Review
The Responsive Self: Personal Religion in Biblical Literature of the Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods
Susan Niditch, Professor and Chair of Religion at Amherst College, explores the various self-expressions of lived religion in the Jewish, post-exilic environment. With research interests and works in the ancient Near East, early Judaism...
![Arthashastra](https://www.worldhistory.org/img/c/p/360x202/2540.jpg?v=1737856928)
Definition
Arthashastra
The Arthashastra is an Indian treatise on politics, economics, military strategy, the function of the state, and social organization attributed to the philosopher and Prime Minister Kautilya (also known as Chanakya, Vishnugupta, l. c. 350-275...