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Saddam Hussein Plaque in Babylon
Modern mud-brick in a wall which was inscribed with Arabic language that mentions the name of Saddam Hussein as the president and protector of the great Iraq, who had re-built Babylon in 1987-1988 CE .” This brick documents the first and...
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The Iraq Museum & Three Wars: Three Steps from Hell
This article documents and elaborates on the many critical behind-the-scenes events, unknown to the public, before the history leaves us. The author The bulk of the “the land between the two rivers” lies in what we call today...
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Gertrude Bell
Gertrude Bell (l. 1868-1926) was an archaeologist, travel writer, explorer, and political administrator responsible for creating the borders of the countries of the Near East after World War I and, especially, for the foundation of the modern...
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Visiting the Ancient City of Babylon
We had a 4-day national holiday. Meaning what? No clinic and no hospital! I said to myself, “It's been a long time since I have visited Babylonia.” I drove my car for about 11 hours, continuously. Finally, I was there. I went to my uncle's...
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Gerf Hussein Temple, Egypt
The free-standing courtyard of Gerf Hussein temple in New Kalabsha near Aswan in southern Egypt. This temple was erected by Setau, the Viceroy of Kush, on behalf of pharaoh Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE) in Lower Nubia. It was dedicated to...
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Ramesses II from Gerf Hussein
Statue of Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE), one of several such figures that acted as pillars in the forecourt of the temple of Gerf Hussein in Nubia. The temple, dedicated to Ptah and Hathor and built by Setau, Viceroy of Nubia, consisted...
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The Iraq Museum: A Brightness in the Darkness
For whom have I labored? For whom have I journeyed? For whom have I suffered? I have gained absolutely nothing for myself, I have only profited the snake, the ground lion! The Epic of Gilgamesh, Tablet...
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Ishtar Gate
The Ishtar Gate was constructed by the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II circa 575 BCE. It was the eighth gate of the city of Babylon (in present-day Iraq) and was the main entrance into the city. The Ishtar Gate was part of Nebuchadnezzar's...
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Moses
Moses (c. 1400 BCE) is considered one of the most important religious leaders in world history. He is claimed by the religions of Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Bahai as an important prophet of God and the founder of monotheistic belief...
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The Processional Way of Babylon
This is part of the processional way (or street) at the ancient city of Babylon, in modern-day Iraq. The way and its tiles are original but the flanking buildings are modern ones (which were built in the 1980s CE by Saddam Hussein, former...