The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict between England and France lasting 116 years. It began principally because King Edward III (r. 1327-1377) and Philip VI (r. 1328-1350) escalated a dispute over feudal rights in Gascony to a battle for the French Crown. The French eventually won and gained control of all of France except Calais.
More about: Hundred Years' WarDefinition
Timeline
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1337 - 1453The Hundred Years' War between England and France.
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Jun 1340An English fleet of Edward III of England destroys or captures a French fleet at Sluys.
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1345An army led by the Earl of Derby recaptures Gascony for the English Crown.
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Jul 1346Edward III of England invades Normandy.
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26 Aug 1346Edward III of England and his son Edward the Black Prince win a great battle against Philip VI of France at Crécy in France.
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Oct 1346David II of Scotland, ally of Philip VI of France, invades northern England.
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17 Oct 1346An English army defeats the Scots at the Battle of Neville’s Cross near Durham and captures David II of Scotland.
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Jul 1347Edward III of England and his son Edward the Black Prince capture the Fench city of Calais after a long siege.
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Jan 1350Edward the Black Prince leads a successful defence of Calais against a French attack.
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19 Sep 1356Edward the Black Prince wins a great victory at the Battle of Poitiers against the French. John II of France is captured.
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1359Edward III of England and Edward the Black Prince march on Rheims but the French city holds out.
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May 1360The Treaty of Brétigny between England and France recognises Edward III of England's claims to French lands as he renounces his claim to the French throne.
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1362Edward the Black Prince is made the Prince of Aquitaine by his father Edward III of England.
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3 Apr 1367Edward the Black Prince famously wins the Battle of Najera in Castile.
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1370Edward the Black Prince retakes Limoges from the French and executes 3,000 innocents.
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1372 - 1375Charles V of France recaptures most of the territory previously gained by Edward III of England leaving the English only Gascony and Calais.
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12 Mar 1396Richard II of England marries Isabella of France, the daughter of Charles VI of France, thus sealing a three-decade peace between the two countries.
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Sep 1415Henry V of England captures the Fench port of Harfleur.
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25 Oct 1415Battle of Agincourt in France between English and French armies. The former, led by Henry V of England, were victorious.
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1417 - 1419Henry V of England conquers Normandy.
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Jan 1419Henry V of England captures Rouen.
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May 1420Treaty of Troyes between England and France which nominates Henry V of England as the successor to Charles VI of France.
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2 Jun 1420Henry V of England marries Catherine of Valois, daughter of Charles VI of France in Troyes Cathedral.
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Mar 1421An English army loses to a French army at the Battle of Baugé.
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11 May 1422Henry V of England captures the French stronghold of Meaux.
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1429Joan of Arc lifts the Siege of Orleans; a major victory for the French in the Hundred Years' War.
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17 Jul 1429Coronation of Charles VII of France in Rheims.
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16 Dec 1431Coronation of Henry VI of England as king of France (Henry II) in Notre-dame de Paris.
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1434 - 1435Sir Henry Talbot orchestrates the successful defence of English-held Paris.
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1435The English lose the support of the Burgundians during the Hundred Years' War.
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1436The English lose control of Paris during the Hundred Years' War.
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1444 - 1449There is a five-year truce between England and France during the Hundred Years' War.
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1445England loses control of Maine during the Hundred Years' War.
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22 Apr 1445Henry VI of England marries Margaret of Anjou, niece of Charles VII of France.
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1450England loses control of Normandy during the Hundred Years' War.
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1453England loses control of Gascony during the Hundred Years' War.
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Jul 1453The English are defeated by the French at the Battle of Castillon, the last battle of the Hundred Years' War.
