Shapur I (r. 240-270 CE) is considered one of the greatest kings of the Sassanian Empire for expanding his realm, his policy of religious tolerance, building projects, and committing the Zoroastrian scriptures (Avesta) to writing. He was the son of Ardashir I (r. 224 - c. 240 CE), the founder of the empire.
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Timeline
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240 CE - 270 CEReign of Shapur I, who first brought the Sassanian empire to its peak.
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260 CEShapur I captures the Roman emperor Valerian at Edessa.
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262 CE - 266 CEOdaenathus expels Persian garrisons and restores Syria and Armenia to the Roman Empire. Odaenathus invades Mesopotamia, and inflicts two defeats upon Shapur I, which ends with the sack of Ctesiphon.
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270 CE - c. 273 CEReign of Hormizd I, son of Shapur I.
