Macedon was an ancient kingdom located in the north of the Greek peninsula first inhabited by the Mackednoi tribe who, according to Herodotus, were the first to call themselves 'Hellenes' (later applied to all Greeks) and who gave the land their name.
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Definition
Timeline
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c. 437 BCEAthens founds the colony of Amphipolis in northern Macedonia.
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364 BCEMacedonian general Perdiccas III successfully defends Amphipolis against Athenian attack.
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c. 360 BCETraditional founding date of Philippi in Macedon with its original name as Crenides.
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359 BCEPhillip II takes throne of Macedonia.
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359 BCE - 336 BCEReign of Philip II of Macedon.
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357 BCEMarriage of Olympias to Philip II of Macedonia.
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c. 357 BCEPhilip II of Macedon renames the Macedonian city of Crrenides after himself: Philippi.
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356 BCEBirth of Macedonian commander Hephaestion.
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c. 353 BCEPhilip II of Macedon leads the joined forces of Macedonia and the Amphictyonic League in Thessaly and wins over the Phocians, Pheraeans and their allies in the Battle of Crocus Field.
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c. 349 BCE - c. 346 BCEPhilip II is given the hand of Nikesipolis, niece of Jason of Pherae, a Thessalian nobleman, for marriage. She gives birth to Thessalonike of Macedon, and dies 20 days later.
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c. 347 BCEAthenian orator Demosthenes is sent on a diplomatic embassy to the court of Philip II of Macedon.
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c. 345 BCEPhilip II of Macedon leads the Amphictyonic League to victory in the Third Sacred War. He calls her newborn daughter Thessalonike, meaning Thessalian Victory.
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343 BCEKing Philip II of Macedon summons Aristotle to tutor his young son Alexander (later 'The Great').
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342 BCEDemosthenes is charged with organising a league of Greek city-states for war against Macedon.
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340 BCEMacedon funds the building of a large temple on Samothrace.
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339 BCEPhilip II of Macedon fights the Scythians.
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336 BCEMarriage of Olympias' brother Alexander to her daughter Cleopatra.
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May 334 BCE - 324 BCEAntipater is regent of Macedon in Alexander's absence.
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324 BCEDeath of Macedonian commander Hephaestion.
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319 BCEDeath of Antipater, regent of Macedon.
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316 BCEDeath of Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great.
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c. 316 BCEThessalonica is founded by Cassander.
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c. 315 BCE - c. 310 BCEThessalonike of Macedon and Cassander have three sons.
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310 BCEAssassination of Roxanne and Alexander IV, wife and son of Alexander the Great.
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305 BCE - 297 BCECassander is self-proclaimed king of Macedon.
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c. 297 BCECassander, King of Macedon, dies of dropsy. Thessalonike of Macedon becomes regent for his son and successor, Philip IV, who dies four months later and leaves the throne to his younger brothers.
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c. 295 BCEThessalonike is murdered by her son, Antipater I of Macedon.
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294 BCE - c. 288 BCEDemetrius I rules as king of Macedon.
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288 BCEWhen his army deserts him Demetrius I flees Macedon.
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288 BCEPyrrhus of Epirus becomes ruler of Macedon.
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284 BCELysimachus drives Pyrrhus out of Macedon.
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273 BCEPyrrhus of Epirus attacks Macedon and Sparta.
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225 BCEMacedonians bring an army across the Isthmus to face another Achaian force trying to take Corinth.
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222 BCEThe Achaean League and Antigonos III of Macedon defeat Sparta at Sellasia.
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214 BCE - 205 BCEFirst Macedonian War: Rome defeats Philip V of Macedon.
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203 BCEThe Seleucid king, Antiochus III Megas signs a treaty with Philip V of Macedon to divide Egypt and its overseas possessions between them.
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200 BCE - 196 BCESecond Macedonian War: Roman victory.
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197 BCERomans are victorious over Philip V of Macedon at Cynoscephalae.
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172 BCE - 168 BCEThird Macedonian War: Perseus of Macedon challenges Rome and is defeated.
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Jun 168 BCERomans defeat Perseus of Macedon at Pydna.
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c. 150 BCEMacedonia becomes a Roman province.
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146 BCEThessalonica is made the captial of the Roman province of Macedon.
