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Enki's Journey to Nippur
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enki's Journey to Nippur - A Celebration of Life

Enki's Journey to Nippur (circa 2000 BCE) is a Sumerian origin myth explaining the creation of the temple at Eridu by the god Enki and how musical instruments were ordained for use in festivals in ancient Mesopotamia. The poem formed part...
The Queen of the Night
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Queen of the Night - The Mysterious Burney Relief

The Queen of the Night (also known as the "Burney Relief") is a high-relief terracotta plaque of baked clay, 19.4 inches (49.5 cm) high, 14.5 inches (37 cm) wide, with a thickness of 1.8 inches (4.8 cm), depicting a naked winged woman flanked...
Hymn to Nungal
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Hymn to Nungal - A Praise Song for the Sumerian Goddess of Prisons

The Hymn to Nungal (circa 1894-1595 BCE) is a Sumerian poem praising Nungal, the goddess of prisons and rehabilitation (also associated with the underworld), as well as the prison house she presided over. Her name means "Great Princess,"...
How the United Nations was Born from WWII
Article by Mark Cartwright

How the United Nations was Born from WWII

The Allies met in several conferences from 1941 to 1945 to discuss how to guarantee a more peaceful and cooperative world once the Second World War (1939-45) was concluded. To foster global cooperation, facilitate free trade, and give aid...
Hymn to Nisaba
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Hymn to Nisaba - A Praise Song for the Sumerian Goddess of Writing

The Hymn to Nisaba (circa 3rd millennium BCE) is a poem praising Nisaba, the Sumerian goddess of writing and accounts who also served as scribe of the gods. The poem is officially dedicated to Enki, the god of wisdom (sometimes given as her...
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

On the evening of 14 April 1865, US President Abraham Lincoln was shot in the back of the head by John Wilkes Booth, while attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. He died the next morning. The assassination rocked the broken...
Ivory & the Colonization of Africa
Article by Mark Cartwright

Ivory & the Colonization of Africa

European colonising powers sought to exploit Africa's resources from the 15th century onwards. Arab traders had been doing the same in North Africa and East Africa through the Middle Ages, but it was from the 17th century that European traders...
Causes of the Boer War
Article by Mark Cartwright

Causes of the Boer War

The causes of the Boer War (aka Second Anglo-Boer War, South Africa War, and Second War of Freedom, 1899-1902) stretched back to the early 19th century and competition for land and resources between British and Boer settlers. The rivalry...
Siege of Mafeking
Article by Mark Cartwright

Siege of Mafeking - Turning Point of the Boer War

The siege of Mafeking (1899-1900) was a major engagement in the Boer War (aka South Africa War, 1899-1902). 8,000 Boers besieged the British-held town, which had fewer than 2,000 armed men to defend it. Commanded by Robert Baden-Powell, the...
Ancient Israelite & Judean Religion
Article by William Brown

Ancient Israelite & Judean Religion - Its History and Development

As early as the 10th century BCE, Israelite and Judean religion began to emerge within the broader West Semitic culture, otherwise known as Canaanite culture. Between the 10th century and the 7th century BCE, ancient Israelite and Judean...
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