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Consequences of the Bolshevik Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Consequences of the Bolshevik Revolution

The long-term goal of the Bolsheviks, who took power by force in Russia in November 1917, was a fairer society where workers and peasants were not exploited by wealthy capitalists. The more immediate consequences, though, of the Bolshevik...
Cousteau's Calypso
Article by Mark Cartwright

Cousteau's Calypso - The World's Most Famous Research Ship

Slicing through tropical reefs or patrolling Arctic waters, the Calypso gained worldwide fame as the research ship of the French underwater explorer Jacques-Yves Cousteau. Seen by millions on TV documentaries broadcast worldwide, the Calypso...
The Brink's-Mat Robbery
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Brink's-Mat Robbery - Britain's Biggest Bullion Heist

Six armed robbers. One warehouse. Three tons of gold worth around $320 million today. The raid on the Brink's-Mat secure storage facility on the edge of London's Heathrow airport on 26 November 1983 was Britain's biggest ever gold robbery...
The Heroic Slave
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Heroic Slave - Frederick Douglass' Novella of the Creole Mutiny

Abolitionist author, orator and statesman Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) is well-known for his speeches, autobiography, and other works addressing the issue of slavery in the United States in the 19th century, but, in 1853, he wrote his only...
Causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917
Article by Mark Cartwright

Causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917

There were many causes behind the Russian Revolution of 1917, ranging from the unpopular authoritarian rule of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917) to the radical mobilisation of the working class, who wanted better working conditions and more...
12 Key Women in Revolutionary Russia
Article by Mark Cartwright

12 Key Women in Revolutionary Russia

Women were involved in all aspects of the Russian Revolutions of 1905 and 1917 when radical socialists and other sections of society challenged the authoritarian rule of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917). As writers, activists, demonstrators...
John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry
Article by Joshua J. Mark

John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry - How Mistakes Made a Martyr

John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia (16-18 October 1859) was carefully planned and, at first, perfectly executed – until he made the mistake of letting the physician John Starry go (who then raised the local militia) and allowing...
Women in the Russian Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Women in the Russian Revolution

Women actively participated in the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the two revolutions of 1917, which deposed the tsar and established a Bolshevik government. Women worked both within the Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) and in...
Russia's Provisional Government of 1917
Article by Mark Cartwright

Russia's Provisional Government of 1917

The Russian Provisional Government of 1917, really a series of unelected coalitions, briefly held power from March to November, that is between the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917) and the Bolshevik Revolution led by Vladimir...
The Role of Workers' Soviets in the Russian Revolutions
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Role of Workers' Soviets in the Russian Revolutions

Soviets, often called Soviets of Workers' Deputies, were worker councils first formed during the Russian Revolution of 1905 when a general strike was called against the Tsarist regime. Factory and other types of workers across the newly industrialised...
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