Images

Discoidal stones used by Native Americans to play the game of chunkey, found at the Fort Ancient Site in Ohio. Southern Ohio Museum and Cultural Center in Portsmouth, Ohio, USA.

Ground discoidal stones used in the Native American game of chunkey (Tchung-kee), found at the Winterville Site, Mississippi, USA.

The Chunkey Player Effigy Pipe (also known as "The Chunkey Player"), made of flint clay, measuring 8.5 inches (22 cm) high by 5.5 inches (14 cm) wide. Thought to have originally come from Cahokia but found in Muskogee County, Oklahoma, dated...

Tchung-kee, a Mandan Game Played with a Ring and Pole, oil on canvas by artist George Catlin, 1832-1833. Chunkey was a popular team sport among many Native American Nations and is thought to have originated c. 600 CE at Cahokia. Smithsonian...

La-dóo-ke-a, Buffalo Bull, a Grand Pawnee Warrior, oil on canvas by George Catlin, 1832. Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington D.C.

Pawnee Indians, oil on card mounted on paperboard, by George Catlin, 1861/69. Paul Mellon Collection, National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

A miniature model (diorama) of the Pawnee Morning Star Ritual from the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Map of the tribal territory of the Pawnee and other Native American nations in Nebraska and Kansas prior to Euro-American colonization.

An illustrated portrait of a young Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880) playing the cello. Made in 1850.

A photograph of the composer Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880). Taken by Nadar in the 1860s. (Bibliotheque Nationale de France)