Images

Although this manuscript edition of the "History of Vardan and the Armenian War" was finished in 1569 CE, this illustration shows a battle between the Armenians and the Persians in the 5th century CE. Take special note of the Persian elephants...

Ancient stone mold, used for making weapons in ancient times in what is present-day Armenia, dating from the 12th-10th century BCE. Metsamor Historical-Archaeological Museum-Reserve, Taronik.

A map of the Byzantine empire c. 626 CE.

Gold nomisma coin depicting Byzantine emperor Heraclius (r. 610-641 CE) and his son Constantine III. Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.

A 15th century CE painting depicting Byzantine emperor Heraclius (r. 610-641 CE) returning the True Cross of Christianity to Jerusalem. (By Miguel Ximenez, Museum of Zaragoza, Spain)

Coin depicting Masinissa, the first king of Numidia, who reigned from 202 BCE-148 BCE.

Artist's depiction of the capture of the Numidian king Jugurtha. He was betrayed by his son-in-law Bocchus in 105 BCE and handed over to Sulla (who would later become dictator of Rome), who brought him back to Rome in chains.

An artist's impression of Memphis, Egypt. (From the computer game Assassin's Creed Origins)

An artist's impression of a chariot race in an ancient hippodrome. (From the computer game Assassin's Creed Origins)

Asuka-dera today. Original buildings constructed by Gogureyo and Baekje craftsmen.