Images

A bronze ram from the prow of a Carthaginian warship. Found off the Aegadian Islands (near Sicily) and dating to the First Punic War (264 and 241 BCE). A Punic inscription dedicates the ram to the Phoenician and Punic god Baal.

An artist's impression of how the naval harbour of Carthage may have looked.

An artist's impression of a Balearic slinger. The islanders were renowned in the ancient world for their accuracy and were employed in the Carthaginian army during the Punic Wars.

A Carthaginian hoplite from the Sacred Band, the army corps composed of Carthaginian citizens. Taken from a coin of Syracuse, 4th century BCE.

A Punic gilded bronze cuirass from Ksour Essaf, 3rd-2nd century BCE. (Bardo National Museum, Tunisia)

The remains of a Roman house at Utica (Tunisia), once capital of the Roman province of Africa.

A floor mosaic from Roman Utica (modern Tunisia) depicting a hunt in marshlands, 200-225 CE. (British Museum, London)

An artist's impression of how a troop of Carthaginian mercenaries may have appeared in battle formation.

A gold coin from Syracuse depicting the tyrant Agathocles, 310-300 BCE. (Palazzo Blu, Pisa)

A red-figure vase depicting one of the Furies hovering over Hippolytos, an attendant, and Phaedra. 330-310 BCE. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)