Images

The Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea showing his followers the doors of Truth and Falsehood. From a 16th century CE fresco at the El Escorial, Madrid.

A statue of the Egyptian god Thoth as a baboon. 1400 BCE. (British Museum, London)

A relief carving of the Egyptian god Thoth from the Temple of Ramesses II (1279-1213 BCE), Abydos.

A relief carving of the Egyptian god Thoth from the throne back of a seated statue of Ramesses II (1279-1213 BCE), Luxor.

Palm-leaf column from Bubastis (Tell Basta), Temple of Baset; originally from Pi-Ramesses (Qantir), Egypt, 19th Dynasty, reign of Ramesses II (1279-1213 BCE) and 22nd Dynasty, reign of Osorkon II (874-850 BCE). In Ramesses II's reign, this...

Shrine of Ptolemy VIII & Cleopatra II, originally from the Temple of Isis, Philae, found reused in a Coptic church, Ptolemaic Dynasty, reign of Ptolemy VIII, c. 170-116 BCE. The shrine held a cult statue of the goddess Isis, who is mentioned...

This column is from a temple primarily dedicated to he dam god Heryshef of Herakleopolis. Ramesses II is twice shown making offerings to a local form of Osiris. The god wears his typical feather crown but is in a kilt not his usual mummy...

The stela, from a chapel in the royal couple's honors, shows Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II in a deified form. Their staffs are attribnbutes of Egyptian gods, as is the emblem of life (ankh) held by the queen. Yet, unusually, the King wields a...

Two thirds of this stela were lost due to reuse as building material. It documents a royal visit to Elephantine. Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III, his mother and co-regent, granted privileges to the priests of Khnum, a local ram god. The scene...

Greek texts were incised on this granite stela. It documents a royal visit to Elephantine. Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III, his mother and co-regent, granted privileges to the priests of Khnum, a local ram god. There are hieroglyphic inscriptions...