Images

A portrait of Plotina, wife of Roman emperor Trajan. The portrait was possibly carved in 129 CE on the occasion of the empress' deification. (Vatican Museums, Rome)

A marble portrait of Roman emperor Hadrian. The portrait displays idealised features and was possibly carved in the years following the emperor's death in 138 CE. (Vatican Museums, Rome).

A Roman Antoninianus coin from the reign of Marcus Julius Philipus, otherwise known as Philip the Arab, r. 244-249 CE.

This bronze caliga was part of an over life-size statue of a Roman cavalryman from the 1st or the 2nd century CE. Caligae were heavy hob-nailed military boots worn by Roman legionary soldiers, auxiliaries and cavalrymen throughout the period...

A 2nd century CE marble statue of Minerva, the Roman goddess of the arts and warfare. (Capitoline Museums, Rome)

Statue of Amenhotep III. Painting by Vasily Polenov (date unknown).

Painting by Vasily Polenov, 1899.

Temple of Athena Parthénos. Painting by Vasily Polenov, c. 1882.

Ruins of Jupiter Cathedral and Cathedral of Sun. Painting by Vasily Polenov (1882).

Painting by Vasily Polenov (1882). Oil on canvas. Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia.