Images

Battle of Somosierra (30 November 1808), fought between a French army under Emperor Napoleon I and a Spanish army during the Peninsular War, oil on canvas by Louis-François, Baron Lejeune, 1810. Palace of Versailles.

The Battle of Bayonne (14 April 1814), one of the last battles of the Peninsular War (1807-1814), engraving by Thomas Sutherland, c. 1815. Library of Toulouse.

The third print in the Disasters of War series by Spanish artist Francisco Goya (1746-1828), between 1810-1820. Historians consider these works to have been Goya's protest to the Peninsular War and the subsequent rollback of liberal reforms...

Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769-1852). Wellington is best known for leading the Allied army during the Peninsular War (1807-1814), for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815) and for serving as Prime...

Battle of Busaco (27 September 1810), fought between a French army and an Anglo-Portuguese force during the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Watercolor by Richard Simkin, c. 1900. National Army Museum, Study Collection, Chelsea, London.

Sir Arthur Wellesley, Marquess (and later Duke) of Wellington in command of the British forces at Sorauren near Pamplona during the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Oil on canvas by Thomas Jones Barker, c. 1853. National Army Museum, Chelsea...

The Portuguese royal family evacuates Lisbon for Brazil as the French army closes in at the start of the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Painting by Henri L'Evêque, 1812.

The last stand of Pedro Velarde y Santillán, a Spanish artillery captain famous for his death during the Dos de Mayo uprisings against French occupation at the onset of the Peninsular War. Painting by Joaquín Sorolla, 1884. Museo...

A map illustrating the empire and campaigns of Timur (from the Chagatai word for iron) at its biggest extent before his death in 1405. Timur the Lame (Timur-i Leng from Persian, Tamerlane as it had evolved in English or Timūr Gurkānī, son-in-law...

This granite menhir, located near the Castle of the Rock Goyon (Fort la Latte) in northern Brittany, France, and measuring 2.64 meters, has a very fine obelisk shape. It was broken in two by the film crew of The Vikings in 1957, and the trace...