Images

An arch from the ruins of Anjar (8th century CE) in modern Lebanon. The structure recalls Roman architectural archways.

The Roman Columns in Anjar (8th century CE) were most probably reused from earlier 4th century CE Christian buildings.

Mihrab or niche in the wall of a mosque at Anjar (8th century CE) that indicates the qibla or direction to Mecca, decorated by an apex arch lintel carved with vegetal carving above Byzantine characters.

The Portara of Naxos. The doorway leading from the prodromos to the cella of the 6th century BCE temple of Apollo. The doorway is 6m high and 3.5 m wide. The temple itself, as indicated by its surviving foundations, measured some 59 by 28...

The 8th century CE ruins of Anjar, a city of the Umayyad civilization (modern day Lebanon). The palace of the Caliph - highest area of the whole site - the Roman arcade is clearly seen. The site reveals a long period of early occupation by...

The Hittite Empire at its maximum extension c. 1300 BCE (indicated in red. The Eyptian area of influence is indicated in green).

The Roman aqueduct of Caesarea Palestina.

A bronze nummus of Aquileia depicting Galerius, r. 305-311 CE (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York).

A map of the world in 1000 BCE illustrating: hunter-gatherers (yellow) nomadic pastoralists (purple) simple farming societies (green) complex farming societies/chiefdoms (orange) state societies (blue)

The Roman theatre of Carthago Nova (New Carthage), in modern southern Spain.