Images

The Second Siege of Zaragoza (19 December 1808 to 20 February 1809) was a bloody chapter of the Peninsular War, resulting in 10,000 dead French soldiers and 54,000 dead Spanish, including 30,000 civilians. Painting by Louis-François, Baron...

The death of British General Sir John Moore during the Battle of Corunna, 16 January 1809. Engraving by Thomas Sutherland in the book The Martial Achievements of Great Britain and her Allies from 1799-1815, by James Jenkins.

Proclamation of the Spanish Constitution of 1812 by the Cortés de Cádiz during the Peninsular War, image by Salvador Viniegra, 1912.

Battle of Somosierra (30 November 1808), fought between a French army under Emperor Napoleon I and a Spanish army during the Peninsular War, oil on canvas by Louis-François, Baron Lejeune, 1810. Palace of Versailles.

The Battle of Bayonne (14 April 1814), one of the last battles of the Peninsular War (1807-1814), engraving by Thomas Sutherland, c. 1815. Library of Toulouse.

The third print in the Disasters of War series by Spanish artist Francisco Goya (1746-1828), between 1810-1820. Historians consider these works to have been Goya's protest to the Peninsular War and the subsequent rollback of liberal reforms...

Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769-1852). Wellington is best known for leading the Allied army during the Peninsular War (1807-1814), for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815) and for serving as Prime...

Battle of Busaco (27 September 1810), fought between a French army and an Anglo-Portuguese force during the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Watercolor by Richard Simkin, c. 1900. National Army Museum, Study Collection, Chelsea, London.

Sir Arthur Wellesley, Marquess (and later Duke) of Wellington in command of the British forces at Sorauren near Pamplona during the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Oil on canvas by Thomas Jones Barker, c. 1853. National Army Museum, Chelsea...

The Portuguese royal family evacuates Lisbon for Brazil as the French army closes in at the start of the Peninsular War (1807-1814). Painting by Henri L'Evêque, 1812.