Images

An 1893 oil-on-canvas portrait by Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov of the Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893). (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow)

A photograph of the Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893). Taken in 1863. (Bettmann Collection)

Relief with a youth and a girl. Roman, 27 BCE to 68 CE. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

A map of Europe displaying important cities that shaped its history, from antiquity to the present. Cities on the map represent key centers throughout history. Each city represents a distinct period from Athens, Rome, and Constantinople (now...

Installation of the Conseil d'Etat on 25 December 1799, during the period of the French Consulate. The three consuls of France preside in their red garments; from left to right: Jean-Jacques de Cambacérès, Napoleon Bonaparte, and Charles-François...

Portrait of Louis Antoine de Bourbon-Condé, Duke of Enghien (1772-1804) whose scandalous arrest and execution sent shockwaves throughout Europe, turning many European aristocrats against the Bonapartist regime in France. Portrait by Jean-Michael...

A depiction of the three French consuls during the period of the French Consulate; from left to right, Jean-Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, Napoléon Bonaparte, and Charles-François Lebrun. By Henri-Nicolas Van Gorp, 1803.

The Rape of Proserpina, white marble sculpture by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 1621-22. Galleria Borghese, Rome. Photo by Int3gr4te, 2007.

The Maiden Tower, Baku, Azerbaijan, built in the 12th century.

A 19th-century pastel on paper drawing, Carmen, by Emile Wauters (1846-1933). Carmen is the central character in the novella of that name by Prosper Mérimée (1803-70) and the opera by the French composer Georges Bizet (1838-1875).