Images

The Death of Cato of Utica, oil on canvas by Jean-Paul Laurens, 1863. Musée des Augustins, Toulouse.

Cato of Utica reading the Phaedo before committing suicide, Carrara marble sculpture by Jean-Baptiste Roman and François Rude, commissioned by King Louis-Philippe in 1832, finished in 1840. Louvre, Paris.

Heroon (Hero's Grave) of Lefkandi, western rooms, from the north, photographed in 1991.

King Frederick William III of Prussia (r. 1797-1840), oil on canvas portrait by an unknown artist, between 1830-1840. Museum of Prussia, Minden, Germany.

Emperor Napoleon I of France (r. 1804-1814; 1815) meets with Tsar Alexander I of Russia (1801-1825) on a specially built raft in the middle of the Niemen River to discuss peace. It is one of the most iconic episodes of the Napoleonic Era...

A meeting of the monarchs of France, Russia, and Prussia during the signing of the Treaties of Tilsit. Depicted in the center of the painting, from left to right: French Emperor Napoleon I, Tsar Alexander I of Russia, Queen Louise of Prussia...

Hippolytus after the confession of Phaedra, oil on canvas by Étienne-Barthélémy Garnier, 1793. Musée Ingres, Montauban.

Napoleon gives instructions to one of his officers, General Nicolas Oudinot, during the Battle of Friedland (14 June 1807). The battle resulted in a decisive French victory and forced the Russians to ask for an armistice four days later...

Charge of the French 4th Hussars at the Battle of Friedland (14 June 1807). Initially titled "Vive l'Empeurer!", oil on canva by Édouard Detaille, 1891. Art Gallery of New South Wales, Australia.

During his assault on the Russian left flank, Marshal Michel Ney's VI Corps is attacked by Russian cavalry during the Battle of Friedland (14 June 1807). Image by Rougeron-Vignerot and Charles Morel, 1892. National Libary of France, Paris.