Images

An 1846 family portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter showing Queen Victoria (r. 1837-1901), Albert, Prince Consort, and their then five children. (Royal Collection)

A photograph of Queen Victoria (r. 1837-1901) taken in June 1887 during her Golden Jubilee celebrations. (National Portrait Gallery Photograph Collection, London)

Thetis changing into a lioness as she is attacked by Peleus. Attic red-figured kylix by Douris, c. 490 BCE from Vulci, Etruria. Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris.

Statue of Thetis with a triton. Thasian marble, Roman copy from a Greek original of the 2nd century BCE. Palazzo Massimo alle Terme. A recent reconstruction identifies the statue as a part of the sculptural group by Skopas of...

The so-called Arch of Trajan of Timgad was actually built during the reign of Septimius Severus (r. 193-211 CE). The structure is a three-vaulted triumphal arch built at the west end of the decumanus (the east-west oriented road of the town...

Paul Barras (1755-1828), a prominent French leader during both the Thermidorian Reaction and the French Directory, a politician known for his cunning. Here he is depicted in the ceremonial robes of a French Director. The painting was by Pierre-Michel...

The five French Directors in their traditional garments. From left to right, the figures depicted are: Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai, Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux, Paul Barras, François de Neufchâteau, and Jean-François Rewbell...

General Napoleon Bonaparte leads his soldiers across the bridge at the Battle of Arcole (17 November 1796). Oil on canvas painting by Horace Vernet, 1826.

Napoleon Bonaparte is greeted by the French Directory as "the hero of Italy". Lithograph by Charles Motte, c. 1820. British Museum, London.

French soldiers under General Pierre Augereau, sent by Napoleon Bonaparte, surround the legislative chambers and arrest General Jean-Charles Pichegru in the Coup of 18 Fructidor Year V (4 September 1797). Engraving by Pierre Gabriel Berthault...