Images

Castellum Tidditanorum (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was a Roman city in Numidia, established as a military settlement in Augustus' time (r. 27 BCE-14 CE). Built on a steep hillside of red earth with commanding views over a deep canyon, the...

The Forum of Castellum Tidditanorum (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was one of the smallest Roman forums, built on a terrace measuring 10 × 30 m (32 x 98 ft) and oriented north-south. Three east-facing separate rooms were cut into the slope and...

The Severan Forum and Temple of the Gens Septimia were built outside the original city walls of Cuicul (modern Djémila in Algeria) in the early 3rd century CE. This Square of the Severan family (r. 193-235 CE), located at the heart of the...

A photograph of the Scottish engineer James Nasmyth (1808-1890) who invented the steam hammer in 1839 during the Industrial Revolution. (The Science Museum, London)

A Royal Mint steam hammer, a device invented by James Nasmyth (1808-1890) in 1839 during the Industrial Revolution. (The Science Museum, London)

Cuicul (modern Djémila in Algeria) was a veteran colony established under Roman emperor Nerva (r. 96-98 CE) in a mountainous area between Cirta (modern Constantine) and Sitifis (modern Sétif). Originally a tiny walled town of c. 7 ha (17...

The arch of Caracalla (r. 211-217 CE) at Cuicul (modern Djémila in Algeria) marked the western entrance to the Severan Forum and the city itself. It was erected in 216 CE by the inhabitants of Cuicul in honour of the reigning Roman emperor...

Like all Roman cities, Cuicul (modern Djémila in Algeria) was organised around its two main axes: decumanus (main east-west street) and cardo (main south-north street). At Cuicul, the Cardo Maximus was 5 m (16 ft) wide and bordered on both...

The ancient Theatre of Iol Caesarea (modern Cherchell in Algeria) was probably built during the time of Juba II (c. 48 BCE-23 CE). The orchestra was modified towards the end of the 2nd century CE or the beginning of the 3rd century CE to...

An 1871 oil painting of a steam hammer invented by the Scotsman James Nasmyth (1808-1890) in 1839 during the Industrial Revolution. The steam-powered machine lowered a weight onto an anvil using gears which allowed for both precision and...