Images

The last stand of Pedro Velarde y Santillán, a Spanish artillery captain famous for his death during the Dos de Mayo uprisings against French occupation at the onset of the Peninsular War. Painting by Joaquín Sorolla, 1884. Museo del Prado...

A map illustrating the empire and campaigns of Timur (from the Chagatai word for iron) at its biggest extent before his death in 1405. Timur the Lame (Timur-i Leng from Persian, Tamerlane as it had evolved in English or Timūr Gurkānī, son-in-law...

This granite menhir, located near the Castle of the Rock Goyon (Fort la Latte) in northern Brittany, France, and measuring 2.64 meters, has a very fine obelisk shape. It was broken in two by the film crew of The Vikings in 1957, and the trace...

The Champ Dolent menhir in northern Brittany, France has been standing in its place since the beginning of the Neolithic period. Weighing about 120 tons, it was dug from a granite quarry 4 km away. It is 9.30 m high (just over 30 feet) and...

Pages 2 and 3 of the Berlin Decree, signed 21 November 1806 by Emperor Napoleon I that kicked off the Continental System embargo on British trade.

French soldiers inspect goods in Leipzig in 1806, near the start of Napoleon's Continental System. By Gottfried Heinrich Geißler, 1824.

Smugglers in 1808, defying the Continental System. Etching by John Augustus Atkinson and William Miller, 1808. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London.

A clay tablet from Zakros, Crete inscribed with Linear A script. Still undeciphered, Linear A script was used by the Minoan civilization from c. 1850 to c. 1450 BCE. (Zakros Archaeological Museum)

The Persian manuscript copy of The Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sina (Avicenna). Museum and Mausoleum of Avicenna, Hamedan, Iran.

Persian Scholar Pavilion, including statues of Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and Biruni, in Vienna International Centre donated by Iran.