Images

The Spring Complex in Thubursicum Numidarum (modern Khamissa in Algeria) is a monumental sanctuary with two water basins built to celebrate a spring regarded in antiquity to have been the source of the Bagradas River, which flows into the...

The Arch of Septimius Severus was built by Legio III Augusta during the reign of Roman emperor Septimius Severus (r. 193-211 CE). It is a three-bay structure framed by pilasters and columns. The arch marked the edge of the ancient city of...

The Cardo Maximus (north-south-oriented street) of Thamugadi (modern Timgad in Algeria, looking from the Forum towards the North Gate. The Cardo Maximus was 180 m long and 5 m wide. It was paved with slabs of bluish limestone and lined with...

The Roman theatre of Cuicul (Djémila in Algeria) was constructed into the side of the hill overlooking the valley in the 2nd century CE. Its two tiers of seats could have accommodated 3,000 spectators.

The Mithraeum of Castellum Tidditanorum in Numidia (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was a rock-cut sanctuary on the hillside dedicated to the god Mithras (dated 2nd-3rd century CE). At the entrance to the sanctuary, one of the pillars has a winged...

The Lollii were one of the important families of Castellum Tidditanorum (modern Tiddis in Algeria). Their circular mausoleum can still be seen some kilometres to the north of the site. The family tomb was erected by Quintus Lollius Urbicus...

Castellum Tidditanorum (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was a Roman city in Numidia, established as a military settlement in Augustus' time (r. 27 BCE-14 CE). Built on a steep hillside of red earth with commanding views over a deep canyon, the...

The Forum of Castellum Tidditanorum (modern Tiddis in Algeria) was one of the smallest Roman forums, built on a terrace measuring 10 × 30 m (32 x 98 ft) and oriented north-south. Three east-facing separate rooms were cut into the slope and...

The Severan Forum and Temple of the Gens Septimia were built outside the original city walls of Cuicul (modern Djémila in Algeria) in the early 3rd century CE. This Square of the Severan family (r. 193-235 CE), located at the heart of the...

A photograph of the Scottish engineer James Nasmyth (1808-1890) who invented the steam hammer in 1839 during the Industrial Revolution. (The Science Museum, London)