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The Sovereign of the Seas
A 17th-century hand-coloured engraving by John Payne of The Sovereign of the Seas, a ship built in 1637 during the reign of Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649). The ship was built using money from the controversial Ship Money tax. (National...
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Parthian Cataphract
A visualization of a Parthian cataphract (from the Greek word kataphraktos - fully armored) in action against the Roman military formation.
Artist: Simeon Netchev
Research, analysis, and inspiration: Patrick Scott Smith, M. A.
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Statue of John Hampden
A statue of John Hampden in Aylesbury, England. In 1637, Hampden famously challenged the legality of the Ship Money tax levied by Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649). Hampden lost the case but it raised important legal questions regarding...
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Martyrdom of Saints Cosmas and Damian
Martyrdom of Saints Cosmas and Damian, oil on canvas painting by Antonio Balestra, 1718.
Abbey of Santa Giustina, Padua.
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Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabee Brothers and Their Mother
Martyrdom of the Seven Maccabee Brothers and Their Mother, stained glass by Dirck Vellert, Antwerp, c. 1530-35.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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Statue of Thomas Müntzer
A modern statue of Thomas Müntzer (l. c. 1489-1525), the German theologian and apocalyptic preacher who became one of the leaders of the German Peasants' War (1524-1525). Frauentor in Mühlhausen, Thüringen.
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Thomas Müntzer Commemorative Coin
A coin issued by East Germany in 1989 commemorating 500 years since the birth of Thomas Müntzer (l. c. 1489-1525), the German theologian and apocalyptic preacher who became one of the leaders of the German Peasants' War (1524-1525).
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The Trojan Plain c. 1200 BCE
A map illustrating the layout of the battlefield of the Trojan War, a conflict between the Achaeans (Ancient Greeks) and the people of Troy in western Anatolia, as it was around 1200 BCE. Homer's description of the Trojan battlefield is now...
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Parliament's Trial of the Earl of Stafford
A 17th-century illustration showing the trial in Parliament of Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Stafford (1593-1641) in May 1641. Stafford was accused of plotting to raise an Irish army to invade England and support King Charles I of England (r...
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John Pym
John Pym (1584-1643), a Member of Parliament and prominent opponent of King Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) during the turbulent period which led to the English Civil Wars (1642-51). (National Portrait Gallery, London)
