Images

A 19th-century illustration by Achille Devéria of Queen Nzinga (aka Zingha) of Matamba (l. c. 1583-1663), a kingdom which ruled in what is today Angola. (National Portrait Gallery, London)

Artist's impression of Kallipateira, also known as Pherenike (l. c. 388 BCE), the female Olympic trainer from Rhodes, who risked the death penalty and disguised herself as a man to train her son to win. Screenshot from the video game...

Diagoras is carried by his two sons after an Olympic victory, painting by Auguste Vinchon, 1814. National School of Fine Arts (Beaux-Arts de Paris), Paris.

A wooden Chokwe sculpture, Angola, 19th century. The figure is female, likely royal, and has been hollowed out for use as a container for snuff with the head as the stopper. (Brooklyn Museum, New York)

Steven Spielberg's artistic impression of the Ark of the Covenant from the film Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark. Photographed at the "Indiana Jones and the Adventure of Archaeology" exhibit at the National Geographic...

An 1816 painting of Rio de Janeiro. Rio was made sole capital of Portuguese Brazil in 1763. Painted by Nicolas-Antoine Taunay. (Museu Nacional de Belas Artes, Rio)

A c. 1640 painting showing a Dutch ship in the harbour of Recife, Portuguese Brazil. Painted by Abraham Willaerts. (Het Scheepvaartmuseum, Amsterdam)

A 17th-century painting by Albert Eckhout showing dancing Tapuias, an indigenous tribe of Brazil. (National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen)

A c. 1770 illustration by Carlos Julião showing enslaved market women in Rio de Janeiro, Portuguese Brazil.

Marble slab depicting Nike or Athena adjusting her sandal, from the Temple of Athena Nike, 420-410 BCE. Acropolis Museum, Athens.