Images

The Ark Passes Over the Jordan, gouache on board by James Tissot, c. 1896-1902. Jewish Museum, New York.

Reenactors portraying Roman soldiers charge the audience at Birdoswald Fort along Hadrian's Wall, 2005.

A painting of a slave market in Portuguese Brazil by Jean-Baptiste Debret from an original 19th-century engraving by Johann Moritz Rugendas.

A scene showing slaves working on an Antiguan sugar plantation. Created in 1779 by Thomas Hearne. On the left are slaves cutting the cane, in the centre is the windmill for processing the cane and on the right slaves transport the refined...

A late-16th century Flemish engraving showing the manufacture of sugar loaves on a colonial plantation. (British Museum, London)

Artist's impression of medieval seafaring. The left ship in the foreground depicts a cog, which is a medieval ship that was widely used by traders of the Hanseatic League. The ship in the background depicts a Scandinavian or Viking ship.

Artist's impression of camel riders in the desert. The camel was a common mode of transport in Africa and the Middle East during ancient, medieval and early modern times.

An early 17th-century illustration of Kollam (Quilon) in southern India which became a colony of the Portuguese empire in 1505. Part of the Portuguese Estado da India, a fort was built at Kollam in 1515.

A c. 1540 illustration of Portuguese nobleman and his entourage in India. The Portuguese had many coastal colonies in India, part of the Estado da India. From the Códice Casanatense (Biblioteca Casanatense, Rome)

A c. 1540 illustration of Portuguese nobles in India. The Portuguese had many coastal colonies in India, part of the Estado da India. From the Códice Casanatense (Biblioteca Casanatense, Rome)