Images

Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa, Alexandria, Egypt, dug in the 2nd century CE.

Serapeum of Alexandria, Egypt.

An illustration showing the port of Calicut on the southwest coast of India in 1572. Calicut was a major trade hub for the Eastern spice trade. From Georg Braun and Franz Hogenbergs atlas Civitates orbis terrarum.

Fort Qaitbey, Alexandria, Egypt, built by the Mamluk ruler Quait-bey (r. 1468-1496 CE) between 1477-1480 CE. The fort stands a the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

View of Alexandria from the sea, 2008.

This golden statue, called the Magdeburger Reiter, is believed to portray Otto I the Great (962-973), founder of the Holy Roman Empire.

Pompey's Pillar, constructed 298-302 CE, Alexandria, Egypt.

A painting (dated 1898) of a fictionalised event in which Napoleon (1769-1821) looks upon Charlemagne's imperial crown in Aachen, Germany, to symbolise the continuity between one European conqueror and another. Current location unknown.

A diagram created by the famous Iranian polymath Al-Biruni (973 – after 1050) depicting a Lunar Eclipse.

An illumination from the Sachsenspiegel, a German book of customary law, compiled somewhere between 1220-1235. The image depicts Christ giving one sword to the Holy Roman Emperor and another to the Pope. The manuscript is in the Saxon State...