Images

Digital reconstruction of the Citadel of Ghazni, Afghanistan. The castle was built c. 13th Century CE to help defend the city walls of Ghazni. The citadel has taken significant damage in recent years due to wars, political instability and...

Digital reconstruction of Hagi Castle in Japan as it may have appeared after it was constructed by the Mōri clan in 1604 CE. The castle was the seat of the Mōri clan until 1863 CE. It was demolished by the government in 1874 CE as part of...

Digital reconstruction of the Yuanming Yuan palace complex, known in the Western World as the Old Summer Palace. This reconstruction depicts Haiyantang ("The Palace of Calm Seas"), a two-story western-style palace with a magnificent water...

Reconstruction of Alamut Castle in present-day Iran, as it may have appeared in 1090 CE when it was captured by Imam Hassan-i Sabbāh, of the Assassins (aka Nizari Ismailis). The castle was built c. 865 CE, although it was expanded and fortified...

Statue with the attached head of Tiberius, Vatican Museum, Chiaramonti Museum, XXIX. 4

Illustration of the capitivity of Mary Rowlandson. Published in Our greater country: being a standard history of the United States, 1901 CE. Henry Davenport Northrop (1836-1909 CE).

Drawing of Weetamoo (l. c. 1635-1676) from page 48 of Frost's Pictorial History of Indian Wars and Captivities by John Frost, 1873.

A map of the United States, showing each of its states, published by D.G. Beers & Co. in 1874. From the Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, The New York Public Library.

Wax effigy of Pope Gregory VII (c. 1015-1085). Cathedral of Salerno, Italy.

Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1084-1105) submitting to Gregory VII at Canossa in 1077, study for a fresco by Federico Zuccaro, 1557-1609. British Museum, London.