Images

A digital reconstruction of Olsztyn Castle in Poland as it may have appeared in the 14th Century CE. Created by NeoMam Studios for BudgetDirect.com, republished with permission.

A digital reconstruction of Menlo Castle in Galway, Ireland as it may have appeared prior to its destruction in 1910 CE. Created by NeoMam Studios for BudgetDirect.com, republished with permission.

A digital reconstruction of Dunnottar Castle, Scotland as it may have appeared in the 15th or 16th Century CE. Created by NeoMam Studios for BudgetDirect.com, republished with permission.

An 8th Century CE silver liturgical chalice found in near Ardagh in County Limerick, Ireland. The bowl and foot of the chalice is made of silver, and it is decorated with gold, amber, glass and enamel. Part of the Ardagh Hoard. Image republished...

A silver paten and its bronze base, from the Derrynaflan Hoard, likely created in the 8th or 9th Century CE. The hoard was found in the 1980 CE near Derrynaflan in County Tipperary, Ireland. (Color and clarity digitally adjusted from original...

The Derrynaflan Chalice is an 8th or 9th Century vessel from the Derrynaflan Hoard. It is made of silver and decorated with gold and enamel. The hoard was found in the 1980 CE near Derrynaflan in County Tipperary, Ireland.

An 8th or 9th Century CE silver paten and accompanying bronze base from the Derrynaflan Hoard. It is made of silver and decorated with gold and enamel. The hoard was found in the 1980 CE near Derrynaflan in County Tipperary, Ireland. (Color...

A close-up photo of the Derrynaflan Chalice, an 8th or 9th Century vessel from the Derrynaflan Hoard. It is made of silver and decorated with gold and enamel. The hoard was found in the 1980 CE near Derrynaflan in County Tipperary, Ireland...

A painting by Hans Holbein the Elder of the Dutch humanist scholar Desiderius Erasmus (c. 1469-1536 CE). Painted 1500-1525 CE. (Louvre Museum, Paris)

Portrait of Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop (l. c. 1588-1649 CE). It was held in the Winthrop family until the 19th century CE when it was donated to the American Antiquarian Society. Unknown author; when donated to the AAS...