Images

This is part of the processional way (or street) at the ancient city of Babylon, in modern-day Iraq. The reliefs of aurochs (bulls) and mušḫuššus (dragons) are originals, as are the flanking walls. Neo-Babylonian period, reign of Nebuchadnezzar...

This is part of the processional way (or street) at the ancient city of Babylon, in modern-day Iraq. The way and its tiles are original but the flanking buildings are modern ones (which were built in the 1980s CE by Saddam Hussein, former...

This map illustrates the Baltic states in the period 1100-1400 CE.

Stained glass window in York Minster depicting Pope Celestine III (1191-1198 CE)

This glazed tile once decorated a wall in one of the Assyrian palaces at Nimrud (Kalhu). From Nimrud, in modern-day Iraq. Neo-Assyrian period, 911-609 BCE. (The British Museum, London).

Map showing some of the Viking Age (c. 790-1100 CE) trade routes that existed in North-West Europe during this time. Among the places depicted are such major trading centres are Hededy, Ribe, Birka and Kaupang from Viking Scandinavia; York...

Two Viking Age oval brooches - also known as tortoise brooches - which were used in a practical way by women to pin up the straps of their overdresses but were often decorated. They came in pairs - one for each dress strap - and are often...

Site of the Viking trading centre of Hedeby, which flourished under the Danish Vikings from the 8th-11th centuries CE and lies in present-day northern Germany, near the city of Schleswig. Archaeological excavations are ongoing but the Hedeby...

Reconstructed Viking houses from the Viking Age trading centre of Hedeby (also known as Haithabu in German) in what used to be part of the Danish Vikings' territory. It now lies in Germany, near the city of Schleswig on the Jutland peninsula...

Title page of the first edition of the Zohar, Mantua, 1558 CE. Library of Congress.