Images

Dating to the mid-13th century CE, this lamp was found near Acre, in present-day Israel. It measures 5.4 cm x 11 cm x 6 cm. (Metropolitan Museum, New York)

Dating to the late 13th century CE, this brass pyxis depicts Jesus' return to Jerusalem, juxtaposed with standing figures (possibly saints). It is engraved, and decorated with silver. Measures 10.5 cm height and 10.3 cm in diameter. Weighs...

Silver coin depicting the English king Aethelred II The Unready (r. 978-1016). The British Museum, London.

Designed c. 1689-1693 CE by Domenico Paradisi on commission by Cardinal Ottoboni, this tapestry depicts Erminia and the Shepherd. It is one of a series of tapestries from Gerusalemme Liberata (Jerusalem Delivered) portraying a romanticised...

A representation of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the fabled gardens which possibly adorned the capital of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, built by its greatest king Nebuchadnezzar II (r. 605-562 BCE). By Ferdinand Knab, 1886 CE.

A detail of a gypsum wall panel relief showing Assyrian gardens with architectural features. From the North Palace of Ashurbanipal (668–631 BCE) at Nineveh. (British Museum, London)

This map illustrates the trading networks which connected the Ptolemaic Kingdom to South Asia and East Africa by the second half of the 1st century BCE. During this time period, Ptolemaic Egypt was a major player in the spice trade which...

An artist's impression of Brennus, the Gallic war chief of the Senones (c. 360 BCE). From the computer game Total War: Rome II - Rise of the Republic by the Creative Assembly.

An artist's impression of what the sack of Rome in 390 BCE by the Gauls may have looked. From the computer game Total War: Rome II - Rise of the Republic by the Creative Assembly.

Michael Iv the Paphlagonian and his men in front of a Bulgarian barricade. Madrid Skylitzes, late 11th century CE