Images

This porphyry fragment is thought to have belonged to the sarcophagus of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine the Great. 4th century CE. From Istanbul, in modern-day Turkey. (Museum of Archaeology, Istanbul, Turley).

This rectangular marble piece depicts a horse rider advancing to the right. The upper body is encased in an armor (the shape of the armor fits the anatomical contours of the chest and upper abdomen). He holds a short and wide sword in his...

This marble bull's head is part of a large chest. 5th to 6th century. From the vicinity of the Bozdogan Arch, probably was part of the Baths of Constantinianai, Sarachanebasi, Istanbul, in modern-day Turkey. (Museum of Archaeology, Istanbul...

This is a fragment of a votive marble stele showing the goddess Isis. Her right arm is raised and holds a sistrum. Roman Period, 2nd century CE. From Kanlıca, Istanbul, in modern-day Turkey. (Museum of Archaeology, Istanbul, Turley).

The Christogram at the center of the gravestone depicts the letters alpha and omega. Above the letters, two dolphins appear. A pair of doves flanks the Christogram. The overlying Greek inscription reads: " A servant efficient and skilfull...

A 13th century CE illustration showing a medieval siege in France. From the Maciejowski Bible, c. 1240 CE. (Pierpont Morgan Library)

A painting of the siege of Lisbon in 1147 CE.

A 13th century CE illustration showing a medieval trebuchet catapult being used during a French siege. From the Maciejowski Bible, c. 1240 CE. (Pierpont Morgan Library)

The Castle of Angers, France. Built in the 13th century CE, it is one of the finest examples of the evolution in medieval castle design where keeps were replaced by large round towers in the curtain wall.

Painted terracotta tankard. End of 8th century BCE. From Bogazkoy (Boğazkale) or Carchemish, in modern-day Turkey. (Museum of Archaeology, Istanbul, Turkey).