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Definition
Kievan Rus
Kievan Rus (862-1242) was a medieval political federation located in modern-day Belarus, Ukraine, and part of Russia (the latter named for the Rus, a Scandinavian people). The name Kievan Rus is a modern-day (19th century) designation but...

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Olga of Kiev
Olga of Kiev, who is better known as Saint Olga (d. 969) of the Kievan Rus. After her husband, Igor of Kiev (r. 912-945) is killed by the Drevlian tribe (a tribe of Early East Slavs), Olga seeks bloody vengeance and achieves this, among others...

Article
The Mongol Invasion of Europe
The Mongol invasions of Russia and Eastern Europe occurred first with a brief sortie in 1223 CE and then again in a much larger campaign between 1237 CE and 1242 CE. The Mongols, seemingly coming from nowhere and quickly gaining a reputation...

Definition
Varangian Guard
The mercenary Varangian Guard was an elite Byzantine army corps and the personal bodyguard of emperors beginning with Basil II in c. 988 CE. The Viking unit was famous for the stature of its members and their blood-thirsty conduct in battle...

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Vladimir I Converting to Christianity
A 19th century CE fresco by Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov in kieve depicting the baptism of the Kievan Rus leader Saint Prince Vladimir (r. 980-1015 CE)

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The Vladimir Icon
The Byzantine icon of the Virgin and Child known as the Vladimir Icon, painted c. 1131 CE in Constantinople. Restoration following fire damage means that only the faces are original. (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow)

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Olga of Kiev: The Viking Saint of Russia
In today’s video we are covering our first Saint worshipped both by the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches, revered for having first introduced Christianity amongst the Rus. These were a pagan people of Nordic descent, who ruled over...

Definition
Basil II
Basil II (aka Basilius II) was the emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 976 to 1025 CE. He became known as the Bulgar-Slayer (Bulgaroktonos) for his exploits in conquering ancient Bulgaria, sweet revenge for his infamous defeat at Trajan's...

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History vs. Vladimir Lenin - Alex Gendler
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/history-vs-vladimir-lenin-alex-gendler Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924 CE) overthrew Russian Czar Nicholas II (1868–1918 CE) and founded the Soviet Union, forever changing the course of Russian politics...

Definition
Tsar
Tsar (also czar) is a Slavic term derived from the Latin caesar. Ivan III (Ivan the Great) (r. 1462-1505) was the first Russian ruler to begin using the title of tsar during his reign instead of the title Grand Prince of Moscow. His grandson...